Road improvement means the repair and/or upgrade of existing roads. Road improvement is distinguished from road maintenance by the nature and extent of the work. Road improvement includes changes to road alignment, subgrade widening, significant repair/upgrade of road surfacing, repair/replacement of stream crossings, repair/replacement of drainage structures, and repair/removal of unstable material.

Road maintenance includes routine shaping of the road surface, cleaning and maintenance of drainage structures, spot treatment/repair of road surfaces, and vegetation control alongside roads.

Conditions commonly leading to a road improvement project:

• Road subgrades, alignments and/or surfacing need to be upgraded to meet current or future transportation needs.

• Fill slopes with old sidecast material are at risk of failure.

• Cut slopes show signs of failure

• Road fills are showing signs of failure

• Drainage structures are in need of repair, upgrading, or replacing.

• Stream crossings are in need of repair, upgrading, or replacing.

• Unsafe conditions in the transportation system must be repaired.

• Other unsatisfactory conditions are in need of repair.

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